1984 Vol. 3, No. 1
Display Method:
1984, (1): 1-12.
Abstract:
In order to understand the mixing process of saline and fresh water at the estuary of the Zhujiang River (Lingdingyang Bay), the Zhujiang River Conservancy Commission made several field observations from 1978 to 1979. The resulting data indicate that the mixing process is quite unique and complicated. Here demonstrations are made from different angles so as to show the nature of the process.
On the whole, the Zhujiang Estuary can be roughly regarded as a vertical partly-mixed type with a lateral salinity gradient.
In order to understand the mixing process of saline and fresh water at the estuary of the Zhujiang River (Lingdingyang Bay), the Zhujiang River Conservancy Commission made several field observations from 1978 to 1979. The resulting data indicate that the mixing process is quite unique and complicated. Here demonstrations are made from different angles so as to show the nature of the process.
On the whole, the Zhujiang Estuary can be roughly regarded as a vertical partly-mixed type with a lateral salinity gradient.
1984, (1): 13-25.
Abstract:
This paper presents the vertical distribution of sound velocity in the first few ten meters of the sea floor measured in the South China Sea (12 stations) and the Huanghai Sea (2 stations) by reflection and refraction methods.
The apparent characters of the sediment samples and the velocities estimated from the sample porosities by Anderson's empirical equation basically coincide with the measured velocity structures.
A new method called "total reflected ray method" has been used to interpret the reflection data.
This paper presents the vertical distribution of sound velocity in the first few ten meters of the sea floor measured in the South China Sea (12 stations) and the Huanghai Sea (2 stations) by reflection and refraction methods.
The apparent characters of the sediment samples and the velocities estimated from the sample porosities by Anderson's empirical equation basically coincide with the measured velocity structures.
A new method called "total reflected ray method" has been used to interpret the reflection data.
1984, (1): 26-35.
Abstract:
In order to find the relationships between the flood and drought of the Changjiang and Huaihe River valleys and Pacific SST anomalies, the synoptic analysis Has been made. Two types of opposite distribution of SST departure for flood and drought years have been found. These states have set up basically preceding winter and have strengthened and persisted in summer.
The time of the effect of anomalous SST on the flood and drought are different for different areas over the Pacific, the north Pacific is the earliest and the west and southeast Pacific are later. The evolution of SST anomalies with different types in every part of the Pacific has been shown. Finally, the formation of SST anomalies in Pacific has been elucidated by virtue of the surface wind anomalies which drive the ocean current anomaly.
In order to find the relationships between the flood and drought of the Changjiang and Huaihe River valleys and Pacific SST anomalies, the synoptic analysis Has been made. Two types of opposite distribution of SST departure for flood and drought years have been found. These states have set up basically preceding winter and have strengthened and persisted in summer.
The time of the effect of anomalous SST on the flood and drought are different for different areas over the Pacific, the north Pacific is the earliest and the west and southeast Pacific are later. The evolution of SST anomalies with different types in every part of the Pacific has been shown. Finally, the formation of SST anomalies in Pacific has been elucidated by virtue of the surface wind anomalies which drive the ocean current anomaly.
1984, (1): 36-44.
Abstract:
By making use of a barotropic primitive equation model, a numerical experiment on the effects of the anticyclone and cut-off low vortex in the westerlies upon the anomalous tracks of northward moving typhoon is performed. The result shows that the synoptic patterns mentioned above are responsible for the bending (to the west) and accelerating of the motion of typhoon in the later stage, and that their effects vary in intensities. The anticyclone will play a predominant role when anticyclone and the cut-off low vortex coexist.
By making use of a barotropic primitive equation model, a numerical experiment on the effects of the anticyclone and cut-off low vortex in the westerlies upon the anomalous tracks of northward moving typhoon is performed. The result shows that the synoptic patterns mentioned above are responsible for the bending (to the west) and accelerating of the motion of typhoon in the later stage, and that their effects vary in intensities. The anticyclone will play a predominant role when anticyclone and the cut-off low vortex coexist.
1984, (1): 45-55.
Abstract:
Based on the whole-current equations of typhoon surge and its definite difference equations, this paper develops a numerical prediction mode! for typhoon surge along the southeast coast of China by taking into account of the typhoon model of circular storm. On considering the complexities of the coast and boundaries, the development of the model was made use of a relative ideal method to deal with the boundary conditions according to the characters of the model and the boundary position of the calculation grid. The calculations fairly coincided with the field observations, that proves this numerical prediction model satisfactory.
Based on the whole-current equations of typhoon surge and its definite difference equations, this paper develops a numerical prediction mode! for typhoon surge along the southeast coast of China by taking into account of the typhoon model of circular storm. On considering the complexities of the coast and boundaries, the development of the model was made use of a relative ideal method to deal with the boundary conditions according to the characters of the model and the boundary position of the calculation grid. The calculations fairly coincided with the field observations, that proves this numerical prediction model satisfactory.
1984, (1): 56-66.
Abstract:
The geochemical investigation in the continental shelf of the East China Sea has been mad at 12 stations. Vertical profiles of the concentration of Mn and Fe in the pore Water of the near shore and off shore sediments are presented, and compared with corresponding profiles of the solid cam-pounds of Mn and Fe in the sediments. A preliminary analysis of the results has been given and according to these data, a rough model of Mn cycle is preliminarily suggested.
The geochemical investigation in the continental shelf of the East China Sea has been mad at 12 stations. Vertical profiles of the concentration of Mn and Fe in the pore Water of the near shore and off shore sediments are presented, and compared with corresponding profiles of the solid cam-pounds of Mn and Fe in the sediments. A preliminary analysis of the results has been given and according to these data, a rough model of Mn cycle is preliminarily suggested.
1984, (1): 67-76.
Abstract:
The adsorption behaviour for uranium of four kinds of amidoxime resinst RNH, RCH, RAH and RPH in seawater has been investigated. It has been found that all these resins are capable of adsorbing rapidly uranium from U-cnriched seawater with a high uranium uptake.
RNH was able to adsorb uranium satisfactorily from natural seawater, and the uranium uptake of RNH with a degree of cross-linking of 3-5 mol% was above 200 μg/g-R (adsorption for 15 days). The uranium uptakes of RCH, RAH and RPH from natural seawater were much lower than the uranium uptake of RNH. The factors which caused the difference between resins RCH, RAH, RPH and resin RNH are discussed.
The adsorption behaviour for uranium of four kinds of amidoxime resinst RNH, RCH, RAH and RPH in seawater has been investigated. It has been found that all these resins are capable of adsorbing rapidly uranium from U-cnriched seawater with a high uranium uptake.
RNH was able to adsorb uranium satisfactorily from natural seawater, and the uranium uptake of RNH with a degree of cross-linking of 3-5 mol% was above 200 μg/g-R (adsorption for 15 days). The uranium uptakes of RCH, RAH and RPH from natural seawater were much lower than the uranium uptake of RNH. The factors which caused the difference between resins RCH, RAH, RPH and resin RNH are discussed.
1984, (1): 77-83.
Abstract:
A laser-induced fluorometric method for the rapid determination of trace levels of uranium in seawater with the Modified Anti-interference Fluorometric Reagent for uranium (MAFG) is described. Only a sample volume of 1.5-2.5 ml is used in each determination and no pre-scparation and concentration steps are required. The analysis rate is a sample per 5 min. The relative standard deviation of ten replicate determinations on 3.44 ppb U of the natural seawater is 4.7%.
A laser-induced fluorometric method for the rapid determination of trace levels of uranium in seawater with the Modified Anti-interference Fluorometric Reagent for uranium (MAFG) is described. Only a sample volume of 1.5-2.5 ml is used in each determination and no pre-scparation and concentration steps are required. The analysis rate is a sample per 5 min. The relative standard deviation of ten replicate determinations on 3.44 ppb U of the natural seawater is 4.7%.
1984, (1): 84-95.
Abstract:
As a result of the quantitative and qualitative analyses of foraminifcra from 18 surface scdi-ment samples taken from the Central Pacific Ocean, three assemblages of benthonic foraminrfera in different water depths are preliminarily recognized, namely, (i) shelf assemblage of Amphistegina cenosa (Fichtel and Moll) and Calcarina hispida Brady, inhabiting areas with water depths less than 100 m, (ii) bathyal assemblage of Globocassidulina subglobosa (Brady) and Osangtilaria bengalensis (Schwager), with water depths ranging from 900 to 4800 m, and (in) abyssal assemblage of Cribrostomoides subglobosum (Sars) and Cystammina galeata (Brady), characteristic of water depths greater than 4800 in. However, the assemblage of the planktonic foraminifera in all 18 sediment samples is quite similar and consists mainly of 26 species, such as Globigtrinoides ritbrr (d'Orbigny), C. sacculifer (Brady), G. congloatus (Brady), Globoquadrina dutertrei (d'Orbtgny), Pttllerntina obliquiloculata(Parker and Jones), etc.
As a result of the quantitative and qualitative analyses of foraminifcra from 18 surface scdi-ment samples taken from the Central Pacific Ocean, three assemblages of benthonic foraminrfera in different water depths are preliminarily recognized, namely, (i) shelf assemblage of Amphistegina cenosa (Fichtel and Moll) and Calcarina hispida Brady, inhabiting areas with water depths less than 100 m, (ii) bathyal assemblage of Globocassidulina subglobosa (Brady) and Osangtilaria bengalensis (Schwager), with water depths ranging from 900 to 4800 m, and (in) abyssal assemblage of Cribrostomoides subglobosum (Sars) and Cystammina galeata (Brady), characteristic of water depths greater than 4800 in. However, the assemblage of the planktonic foraminifera in all 18 sediment samples is quite similar and consists mainly of 26 species, such as Globigtrinoides ritbrr (d'Orbigny), C. sacculifer (Brady), G. congloatus (Brady), Globoquadrina dutertrei (d'Orbtgny), Pttllerntina obliquiloculata(Parker and Jones), etc.
1984, (1): 96-105.
Abstract:
This paper mainly deals with the internal characteristics, and formation of the post-glacial trans-gresnve-regressive sequence, as well as the distribution regularity of the sand bodies, peats and barrier-lagoon systems within post-glacial bed along the coastal and deltaic areas in Eastern China. The internal characteristics of post-glacial transgressive-regressive sequences along the coastal zones over the world are the same as those in Eastern China, and the other Quaternary marine beds arc similar to post-glacial ones in Eastern China. The conclusion, therefore, obtained from the study of postglacial transgressive-regressive sequences may be useful to the study of the other marine beds.
This paper mainly deals with the internal characteristics, and formation of the post-glacial trans-gresnve-regressive sequence, as well as the distribution regularity of the sand bodies, peats and barrier-lagoon systems within post-glacial bed along the coastal and deltaic areas in Eastern China. The internal characteristics of post-glacial transgressive-regressive sequences along the coastal zones over the world are the same as those in Eastern China, and the other Quaternary marine beds arc similar to post-glacial ones in Eastern China. The conclusion, therefore, obtained from the study of postglacial transgressive-regressive sequences may be useful to the study of the other marine beds.
1984, (1): 106-113.
Abstract:
In 1979, we found many small colorless transparent and light yellow-green glassy spherules in the surface layer and core sediment samples taken from the west of the Central Pacific Occan, which are considered to be microtektites. This finding is worthy of further determination of the range of strewn field and origin of tektites.
In 1979, we found many small colorless transparent and light yellow-green glassy spherules in the surface layer and core sediment samples taken from the west of the Central Pacific Occan, which are considered to be microtektites. This finding is worthy of further determination of the range of strewn field and origin of tektites.
1984, (1): 114-122.
Abstract:
Accumulation rules of mercury by blood clam (Arca subcrenata Lishke) from Bohai Gulf have been studied. Mercury concentration in soft parts have been related to those in the environment level on the shore and size of animals have also been considered. Uptake ability of mercury in blood clams is high, with the concentration coefficient 1.8×103 Hg contents In its soft part are related to those in seawater and in sediment, the relationship may be expressed by a dual linear regression equation. The total HE content in blood clam individual is power function of its body weight.
Arca subcrenata appears to have potential as an indicator of mercury contamination In BohaiGulf.
Accumulation rules of mercury by blood clam (Arca subcrenata Lishke) from Bohai Gulf have been studied. Mercury concentration in soft parts have been related to those in the environment level on the shore and size of animals have also been considered. Uptake ability of mercury in blood clams is high, with the concentration coefficient 1.8×103 Hg contents In its soft part are related to those in seawater and in sediment, the relationship may be expressed by a dual linear regression equation. The total HE content in blood clam individual is power function of its body weight.
Arca subcrenata appears to have potential as an indicator of mercury contamination In BohaiGulf.
1984, (1): 123-128.
Abstract:
Enzymic mixtures were prepared from digestive organs of the three species of sea Snails. All the three mixtures can break down the cell-walls of seaweeds.
The present paper reports only three of the enzymic components in these mixtures, two cellulates (Cx,C1) and one pectinase.
The level of activity of the cellulose Cx is in the order: Lunclla cornata coreensis > Monodonta labio > Purpura clavigera,and of the cellulate C1 is in the order: L. cornata coreensis >> M. labio=P clavigera. These two cellulases play an important role in decomposing cell walls of seaweeds.
The level of activity of the pectinase is in the order of M. Iahio > L. cornata coreensis > P. clavigera.
Enzymic mixtures were prepared from digestive organs of the three species of sea Snails. All the three mixtures can break down the cell-walls of seaweeds.
The present paper reports only three of the enzymic components in these mixtures, two cellulates (Cx,C1) and one pectinase.
The level of activity of the cellulose Cx is in the order: Lunclla cornata coreensis > Monodonta labio > Purpura clavigera,and of the cellulate C1 is in the order: L. cornata coreensis >> M. labio=P clavigera. These two cellulases play an important role in decomposing cell walls of seaweeds.
The level of activity of the pectinase is in the order of M. Iahio > L. cornata coreensis > P. clavigera.
1984, (1): 129-136.
Abstract:
The ecology of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were investigated during five cruises in Xiamen Harbor. The results demonstrated that number of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were 2.1×102-7.5×106 cell/l and 1.7×102-1.5×106 cell/g dry and hetcrotrophic bacteria were 3.0×104-5.9×109 cell/l and 2.53×103-5.0×103 cell/g dry in seawater and sediment respectively. The isolated strains which can degrade the petroleum belong to fifteen genera. Most, strains can only degsade one kind of hydro-carbon or petroleum. The results showed that the population and the species-composition of hydro carbon-degrading microorganisms were positively correlated with existing level of oil pollution and with water temperature, but independent of total microbtat count.
The ecology of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were investigated during five cruises in Xiamen Harbor. The results demonstrated that number of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were 2.1×102-7.5×106 cell/l and 1.7×102-1.5×106 cell/g dry and hetcrotrophic bacteria were 3.0×104-5.9×109 cell/l and 2.53×103-5.0×103 cell/g dry in seawater and sediment respectively. The isolated strains which can degrade the petroleum belong to fifteen genera. Most, strains can only degsade one kind of hydro-carbon or petroleum. The results showed that the population and the species-composition of hydro carbon-degrading microorganisms were positively correlated with existing level of oil pollution and with water temperature, but independent of total microbtat count.
1984, (1): 137-142.
Abstract:
Almost all concepts on shear stresses under wave action have been put forward on the basis of linear wave theory, thus it can not be used to evaluate the net sediment transport rate caused by wave action. Using other way to solve this problem, the author makes an advance in the idea that the non-linear effect is also considered.
Almost all concepts on shear stresses under wave action have been put forward on the basis of linear wave theory, thus it can not be used to evaluate the net sediment transport rate caused by wave action. Using other way to solve this problem, the author makes an advance in the idea that the non-linear effect is also considered.
1984, (1): 143-143.
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1984, (1): 143-143.
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1984, (1): 144-144.
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1984, (1): 144-144.
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