Validation of NCEP and OAFlux air-sea heat fluxes using observations from a Black Pearl wave glider

Huabin Mao; Xiujun Sun; Chunhua Qiu; Yusen Zhou; Hong Liang; Hongqiang Sang; Ying Zhou; Ying Chen

doi:10.1007/s13131-021-1816-0

Volume 40 Issue 10

Oct. 2021

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Acta Oceanologica Sinica > 2021 > 40(10): 167-175

Huabin Mao, Xiujun Sun, Chunhua Qiu, Yusen Zhou, Hong Liang, Hongqiang Sang, Ying Zhou, Ying Chen. Validation of NCEP and OAFlux air-sea heat fluxes using observations from a Black Pearl wave glider[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(10): 167-175. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1816-0

Citation:

Huabin Mao, Xiujun Sun, Chunhua Qiu, Yusen Zhou, Hong Liang, Hongqiang Sang, Ying Zhou, Ying Chen. Validation of NCEP and OAFlux air-sea heat fluxes using observations from a Black Pearl wave glider[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(10): 167-175. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1816-0

Citation:

Huabin Mao, Xiujun Sun, Chunhua Qiu, Yusen Zhou, Hong Liang, Hongqiang Sang, Ying Zhou, Ying Chen. Validation of NCEP and OAFlux air-sea heat fluxes using observations from a Black Pearl wave glider[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(10): 167-175. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1816-0

PDF( 2003 KB)

Validation of NCEP and OAFlux air-sea heat fluxes using observations from a Black Pearl wave glider

doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1816-0

Huabin Mao^{1, 2},
Xiujun Sun^{3, 4},
Chunhua Qiu⁵,
Yusen Zhou⁵,
Hong Liang⁵,
Hongqiang Sang^{6, 7},
Ying Zhou⁸,
Ying Chen^{1
,
,}

1.
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Operational Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
4.
Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
5.
School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
6.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
7.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Mechatronic Equipment Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
8.
Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

Funds: The National Key R&D Program of China under contract Nos 2017YFC0305904, 2017YFC0305902 and 2017YFC0305804; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 44006020; the Guangdong Science and Technology Project under contract No. 2019A1515111044; the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program (Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project) under contract No. 2019JZZY020701; the Wenhai Program of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) under contract No. 2017WHZZB0101; the CAS Key Technology Talent Program under contract No. 202012292205.

More Information

Corresponding author: ychen@zju.edu.cn
Received Date: 2020-10-25
Accepted Date: 2021-01-20

Available Online: 2021-08-12

Publish Date: 2021-10-30

Abstract

Abstract

Latent and sensible heat fluxes based on observations from a Black Pearl wave glider were estimated along the main stream of the Kuroshio Current from the East China Sea to the east coast of Japan, from December 2018 to January 2019. It is found that the data obtained by the wave glider were comparable to the sea surface temperature data from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis and the wind field data from WindSat. The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment 3.0 (COARE 3.0) algorithm was used to calculate the change in air-sea turbulent heat flux along the Kuroshio. The averaged latent heat flux (LHF) and sensible heat flux (SHF) were 235 W/m² and 134 W/m², respectively, and the values in the Kuroshio were significant larger than those in the East China Sea. The LHF and SHF obtained from Objectively Analyzed Air-Sea Fluxes for the Global Oceans (OAFlux) were closer to those measured by the wave glider than those obtained from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis products. The maximum deviation occurred in the East China Sea and the recirculation zone of the Kuroshio (deviation of SHF >200 W/m²; deviation of LHF >400 W/m²). This indicates that the NCEP and OAFlux products have large biases in areas with complex circulation. The wave glider has great potential to observe air-sea heat fluxes with a complex circulation structure.
- wave glider,
- air-sea heat flux,
- Kuroshio,
- observation

FullText(HTML)

References(32)

References

[1]	Barnier B. 1998. Forcing the ocean. In: Chassignet E P, Verron J, eds. Ocean Modeling and Parameterization. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer, 45–80
[2]	Chavez F P, Sevadjian J, Wahl C, et al. 2018. Measurements of pCO₂ and pH from an autonomous surface vehicle in a coastal upwelling system. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 151: 137–146. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.01.001
[3]	Chelton D B, Schlax M G, Samelson R M. 2011. Global observations of nonlinear mesoscale eddies. Progress in Oceanography, 91(2): 167–216. doi: 10.1016/j.pocean.2011.01.002
[4]	Daniel T, Manley J, Trenaman N. 2011. The wave glider: enabling a new approach to persistent ocean observation and research. Ocean Dynamics, 61(10): 1509–1520. doi: 10.1007/s10236-011-0408-5
[5]	Dufour C O, Griffies S M, de Souza G F, et al. 2015. Role of mesoscale eddies in cross-frontal transport of heat and biogeochemical tracers in the Southern Ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45(12): 3057–3081. doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-14-0240.1
[6]	Fairall C W, Bradley E F, Godfrey J S, et al. 1996. Cool-skin and warm-layer effects on sea surface temperature. Journal of Geophysical Research, 101(C1): 1295–1308. doi: 10.1029/95JC03190
[7]	Frenger I, Gruber N, Knutti R, et al. 2013. Imprint of Southern Ocean eddies on winds, clouds and rainfall. Nature Geoscience, 6(8): 608–612. doi: 10.1038/ngeo1863
[8]	Hine R, Willcox S, Hine G, et al. 2009. The wave glider: a wave-powered autonomous marine vehicle. In: Proceedings of OCEANS 2009. Biloxi, MS, USA: IEEE
[9]	Hogg A M C, Dewar W K, Berloff P, et al. 2009. The effects of mesoscale ocean–atmosphere coupling on the large-scale ocean circulation. Journal of Climate, 22(15): 4066–4082. doi: 10.1175/2009JCLI2629.1
[10]	Ko S H, Hyeon J W, Lee S, et al. 2018. Observation of surface water temperature and wave height along the coast of Pohang using wave gliders. Journal of Coastal Research, 85: 1211–1215. doi: 10.2112/SI85-243.1
[11]	Kubota M, Iwasaka N, Kizu S, et al. 2002. Japanese ocean flux data sets with use of remote sensing observations (J-OFURO). Journal of Oceanography, 58(1): 213–225. doi: 10.1023/A:1015845321836
[12]	Liu Jiping, Curry J A. 2006. Variability of the tropical and subtropical ocean surface latent heat flux during 1989−2000. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(5): L05706. doi: 10.1029/2005GL024809
[13]	Manley J, Willcox S. 2010. The wave glider: a persistent platform for ocean science. In: Proceedings of OCEANS’10 IEEE SYDNEY. Sydney, Australia: IEEE
[14]	Martin A J, Hines A, Bell M J. 2007. Data assimilation in the FOAM operational short-range ocean forecasting system: a description of the scheme and its impact. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 133(625): 981–995. doi: 10.1002/qj.74
[15]	Mitarai S, McWilliams J C. 2016. Wave glider observations of surface winds and currents in the core of Typhoon Danas. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(21): 11312–11319
[16]	Pagniello C M L S, Cimino M A, Terrill E. 2019. Mapping fish chorus distributions in southern California using an autonomous wave glider. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6: 526. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00526
[17]	Penna N T, Maqueda M A M, Martin I, et al. 2018. Sea surface height measurement using a GNSS wave glider. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(11): 5609–5616. doi: 10.1029/2018GL077950
[18]	Pinardi N, Stander J, Legler D M, et al. 2019. The joint IOC (of UNESCO) and WMO collaborative effort for Met-Ocean services. Frontier in Marine Science, 6. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00410
[19]	Schmidt K M, Swart S, Reason C, et al. 2017. Evaluation of satellite and reanalysis wind products with in situ wave glider wind observations in the Southern Ocean. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 34(12): 2551–2568. doi: 10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0079.1
[20]	Smith N, Kessler W S, Cravatte S, et al. 2019. Tropical pacific observing system. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6: 31. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00031
[21]	Sun Xiujun, Wang Lei, Sang Hongqiang. 2019. Application of wave glider “Black Pearl” to Typhoon Observation in South China Sea. Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems (in Chinese), 27(5): 562–569
[22]	Sun Bomin, Yu Lisan, Weller R A. 2003. Comparisons of surface meteorology and turbulent heat fluxes over the Atlantic: NWP model analyses versus moored buoy observations. Journal of Climate, 16(4): 679–695. doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0679:COSMAT>2.0.CO;2
[23]	Thomson J, Girton J. 2017. Sustained measurements of Southern Ocean air−sea Coupling from a wave glider autonomous surface vehicle. Oceanography, 30(2): 104–109. doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2017.228
[24]	Ueyama R, Deser C. 2008. A climatology of diurnal and semidiurnal surface wind variations over the tropical Pacific Ocean based on the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean moored buoy array. Journal of Climate, 21(4): 593–607. doi: 10.1175/JCLI1666.1
[25]	van Lancker V, Baeye M. 2015. Wave glider monitoring of sediment transport and dredge plumes in a shallow marine sandbank environment. PLoS ONE, 10(6): e0128948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128948
[26]	Villareal T A, Wilson C. 2014. A comparison of the Pac-X Trans-Pacific wave glider data and satellite data (MODIS, Aquarius, TRMM and VIIRS). PLoS ONE, 9(3): e92280. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092280
[27]	Wang Dongxiao, Zeng Lili, Li Xixi, et al. 2013. Validation of satellite-derived daily latent heat flux over the South China Sea, compared with observations and five products. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 30(8): 1820–1832. doi: 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00153.1
[28]	Waseda T, Mitsudera H, Taguchi B, et al. 2005. Significance of high-frequency wind forcing in modelling the Kuroshio. Journal of Oceanography, 61(3): 539–548. doi: 10.1007/s10872-005-0061-z
[29]	Yu Lisan, Weller R A. 2007. Objectively analyzed air–sea heat fluxes for the global ice-free oceans (1981−2005). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 88(4): 527–540. doi: 10.1175/BAMS-88-4-527
[30]	Yusup Y, Liu Heping. 2020. Effects of persistent wind speeds on turbulent fluxes in the water–atmosphere interface. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 140(1–2): 313–325
[31]	Zeng Lili, Wang Dongxiao. 2009. Intraseasonal variability of latent-heat flux in the South China Sea. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 97(1–2): 53–64. doi: 10.1007/s00704-009-0131-z
[32]	Zhang Yanwu, Rueda C, Kieft B, et al. 2019. Autonomous tracking of an oceanic thermal front by a wave glider. Journal of Field Robotics, 36(5): 940–954. doi: 10.1002/rob.21862