In this paper, on the basis of the Antarctic sea ice data from 1972 to 1989 issued by the America Joint Ice Center, the distribution features of the Antarctic sea ice is analyzed, the net sea ice area indexes are calculated. and the long-range variation periods of the sea ice area index are analyzed with the maximum entropy spectrum, finally the distribution pattern of the Antarctic sea ice and its variation features are obtained. According to its spatial distribution feature, the Antarctic Sea ice is divided into three large regions. Region Ⅰ (0°-120°E) is a zonal area which includes the Prydz Bay area, and sea ice area extending from the Weddell Sea, Region Ⅰ (120°E-120°W) mainly includes the Ross Sea area, and Region Ⅱ(120°W-0°) mainly the Weddell Sea area. Of all the regions, the ice area in Region,is the largest, and that in Region Ⅰ is the smallest.