Coral reef ecological pump for gathering and retaining nutrients and exporting carbon: a review and perspectives

Linbin Zhou; Yehui Tan; Liangmin Huang

doi:10.1007/s13131-022-2130-1

Volume 42 Issue 6

Jun. 2023

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Linbin Zhou, Yehui Tan, Liangmin Huang. Coral reef ecological pump for gathering and retaining nutrients and exporting carbon: a review and perspectives[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2023, 42(6): 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s13131-022-2130-1

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Linbin Zhou, Yehui Tan, Liangmin Huang. Coral reef ecological pump for gathering and retaining nutrients and exporting carbon: a review and perspectives[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2023, 42(6): 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s13131-022-2130-1

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Coral reef ecological pump for gathering and retaining nutrients and exporting carbon: a review and perspectives

doi: 10.1007/s13131-022-2130-1

Linbin Zhou^{1, 2, 3},
Yehui Tan^{1, 2, 3
,
,},
Liangmin Huang^{1, 3
,
,}

1.
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: The Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) under contract No. GML2019ZD0405; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41506150 and 41130855; the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under contract No. 2019A1515011645; the National Science and Technology Basic Work Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under contract No. 2015FY110600; the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China under contract No. 2020B1212060058; the Development Fund of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No. SCSIO202204.

More Information

Corresponding author: tanyh@scsio.ac.cn; hlm@scsio.ac.cn
Received Date: 2022-08-20
Accepted Date: 2022-10-21

Available Online: 2023-06-26

Publish Date: 2023-06-25

Abstract

Abstract

How coral reefs with high productivity and biodiversity can flourish in oligotrophic tropical oceans has inspired substantial research on coral reef ecosystems. Increasing evidence shows that similar to water in an oasis in the desert, there are stable nutrient supplies to coral reefs in oligotrophic oceans. Here, with emphasis on the fluxes of organic matter, we summarize at the ecosystem level (1) the multiple input pathways of external nutrients, (2) the storage of nutrients in reef organisms, (3) the efficient retaining and recycling of dissolved and particulate organic matter within coral reef ecosystems, (4) the distinctly high phytoplankton productivity and biomass inside and near oceanic coral reefs, and (5) the export of reef-related organic carbon to adjacent open oceans. These properties enable coral reefs to function as ecological “pumps” for gathering nutrients across ecosystems and space, retaining and recycling nutrients within the ecosystem, supporting high phytoplankton productivity, and exporting organic carbon to adjacent open oceans. Particularly, the high phytoplankton productivity and biomass make waters around coral reefs potential hotspots of carbon export to ocean depths via the biological pump. We demonstrate that organic carbon influx is vital for coral reef ecosystems’ carbon budget and carbon export. The concept of the coral reef ecological pump provides a framework to improve the understanding of the functioning of the coral reef ecosystem and its responses to disturbance. Prospects of the coral reef ecological pump in coral reef studies are discussed in changing oceans driven by human activities and global change in the Anthropocene.
- Darwin’s Paradox,
- coral reef,
- nutrients,
- coral reef ecological pump,
- carbon export,
- ocean carbon cycle

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