The effects of wind-driven waves and ocean spray on the drag coefficient and near-surface wind profiles over the ocean

ZHANG Ting; SONG Jinbao; LI Shuang; YANG Liangui

doi:10.1007/s13131-016-0950-6

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Article Navigation > Acta Oceanologica Sinica > 2016 > 35(11): 79-85

ZHANG Ting, SONG Jinbao, LI Shuang, YANG Liangui. The effects of wind-driven waves and ocean spray on the drag coefficient and near-surface wind profiles over the ocean[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2016, 35(11): 79-85. doi: 10.1007/s13131-016-0950-6

Citation:

ZHANG Ting, SONG Jinbao, LI Shuang, YANG Liangui. The effects of wind-driven waves and ocean spray on the drag coefficient and near-surface wind profiles over the ocean[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2016, 35(11): 79-85. doi: 10.1007/s13131-016-0950-6

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The effects of wind-driven waves and ocean spray on the drag coefficient and near-surface wind profiles over the ocean

doi: 10.1007/s13131-016-0950-6

1.
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China;School of Mathematical Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010000, China
2.
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
3.
School of Mathematical Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010000, China

Received Date: 2015-11-15
Rev Recd Date: 2016-02-05

Abstract

Abstract

By introducing a wave-induced component and a spray-induced component to the total stress, a mathematical model based on the Ekman theory is proposed to detail the influence of wind-driven waves and ocean spray on the momentum transport in a marine atmosphere boundary layer (MABL). An analytic solution of the modified Ekman model can be obtained. The effect of the wave-induced stress is evaluated by a wind wave spectrum and a wave growth rate. It is found that the wave-induced stress and spray stress have a small impact compared with the turbulent stress on the drag coefficient and the wind profiles for low-to-medium wind speed. The spray contribution to the surface stress should be much more taken into account than the winddriven waves when the wind speed reaches above 25 m/s through the action of a "spray stress". As a result, the drag coefficient starts to decrease with increasing wind speed for high wind speed. The effects of the winddriven waves and spray droplets on the near-surface wind profiles are illustrated for different wave ages, which indicates that the production of the spray droplets leads the wind velocity to increase in the MABL. The solutions are also compared with the existed field observational data. Illustrative examples and the comparisons between field observations and the theoretical solutions demonstrate that the spray stress has more significant effect on the marine atmosphere boundary layer in the condition of the high wind speed compared with wave-induced stress.
- wind-driven waves,
- Ekman theory,
- marine atmosphere boundary layer,
- spray droplets

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References(32)

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