Environmental factors affecting regional differences and decadal variations in the buried flux of marine organic carbon in eastern shelf sea areas of China
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Abstract: To characterize environmental factors controlling decadal-scale variations in the buried flux of marine organic carbon (
${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ ) in the eastern shelf sea areas of China (ECSS), four well preserved sediment cores collected from the central Yellow Sea mud (CYSM) area, the Yellow Sea Coastal Current (YSCC) area and the Changjiang River Estuary (CRE) were investigated in this study. In the CYSM, variations in${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ were found to be dependent on variations in primary productivity and to exhibit a cyclical trend possibly related to fluctuations in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the East Asian winter monsoon index (EAWM). In the YSCC,${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ likewise depends on primary productivity. Prior to the 1950s, variations in${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ were similar to that of the EAWM. After the 1950s,${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ increased rapidly and exhibited maximum values in the surface layer, consistent with an increase in primary productivity caused by the input of terrestrial nutrients associated with China’s economic development. In the CRE, variations in${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ were affected by several competing factors making it difficult to identify clear relationships between variations in${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ and primary productivity. In contrast, long-term variability in${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ is more similar to changes in the Changjiang River sediment load. Thus, it is speculated that the construction of dams along the Changjiang River may be the main cause of variations in${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ in this area. Given the disproportionate effects of human activities on marine environments and decadal variations in${\rm{BF}}_{\rm{C_m}} $ in the ECSS, careful attention should be paid to regional differences in organic carbon preservation and environmental changes lest estimates of these values be made imprecise or inaccurate.-
Key words:
- marine organic carbon /
- buried flux /
- primary productivity /
- climate change /
- human activity
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Figure 1. Sampling stations of Cores B19, B14, A7, and H1-18. YSCC: the Yellow Sea Coastal Current; YSWC: the Yellow Sea Warm Current; WKCC: the West Korean Coastal Current.
Figure 2. Vertical distribution of 210Pb activities in sediment cores (squares indicate excess 210Pb (210Pbex) activities).
Figure 3. The interdecadal distribution of the buried flux of marine organic carbon (
${\rm{BF}}_{{\rm{C}}_{\rm{m}}} $ ) in cores.
Figure 4. Linear regression analysis of ΣCm vs. year. Cm, marine-derived organic carbon content; ΣCm, the sum Cm content of the increased Cm per year of all the previous years.
Figure 6. Temporal variations in the buried flux of marine organic carbon (
${\rm{BF}}_{{\rm{C}}_{\rm{m}}} $ ) and biological silicon (BSi). The triangle represents BSi, and the square represents${\rm{BF}}_{{\rm{C}}_{\rm{m}}} $ . BSi data are quoted from Yang et al. (2012).
Figure 7. Decadal changes of the buried flux of marine organic carbon (
${\rm{BF}}_{{\rm{C}}_{\rm{m}}} $ ), Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), East Asian winter monsoon index (EAWM) and Changjiang River Estuary sediment load. Raw data of PDO, EAWM and sediment load are cited from Yang et al. (2017), Huang (2015), and Wang et al. (2008), respectively.Table 1. Sedimentation rate, total nitrogen content (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), the ratio of carbon content vs. nitrogen content (C/N), and marine-derived organic carbon content (Cm) in cores
Station Water
depth/mSedimentation
rate/(cm·a–1)TN TOC C/N Cm Range/% Average/% Range/% Average/% Range Average Range/% Average/% A7 87 0.14 0.050−0.075 0.064 0.37−0.55 0.46 6.66−7.68 7.23 0.21−0.33 0.28 B14 80 0.15 0.124−0.171 0.140 1.05−1.52 1.28 8.06−11.34 9.19 0.37−0.63 0.51 B19 43 0.44 0.039−0.091 0.057 0.36−0.66 0.43 6.27−9.42 7.52 0.14−0.39 0.26 H1-18 63 0.22 0.038−0.050 0.043 0.56−0.79 0.67 12.57−17.56 15.41 0.04−0.12 0.07 
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