Analysis and comparison of heat flux of landfast ice during 2016 in the Prydz Bay, Antarctica

Guanghua Hao; Jie Su; Qinghua Yang; Long Lin; Shutao Cao

doi:10.1007/s13131-021-1731-4

Volume 40 Issue 5

May 2021

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Guanghua Hao, Jie Su, Qinghua Yang, Long Lin, Shutao Cao. Analysis and comparison of heat flux of landfast ice during 2016 in the Prydz Bay, Antarctica[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(5): 71-79. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1731-4

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Guanghua Hao, Jie Su, Qinghua Yang, Long Lin, Shutao Cao. Analysis and comparison of heat flux of landfast ice during 2016 in the Prydz Bay, Antarctica[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(5): 71-79. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1731-4

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Analysis and comparison of heat flux of landfast ice during 2016 in the Prydz Bay, Antarctica

doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1731-4

Guanghua Hao¹,
Jie Su^{2, 3
,
,},
Qinghua Yang^{4, 5},
Long Lin⁶,
Shutao Cao^{2, 3}

1.
Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
3.
Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
4.
School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
5.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
6.
Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China

Funds: The National Key R&D Program of China under contract No. 2018YFA0605903; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41941009, 41922044 and 41876212; the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under contract No. 2020B1515020025.

More Information

Corresponding author: Email: sujie@ouc.edu.cn
Received Date: 2020-04-24
Accepted Date: 2020-08-03

Available Online: 2021-04-28

Publish Date: 2021-05-01

Abstract

Abstract

Long term in situ atmospheric observation of the landfast ice nearby Zhongshan Station in the Prydz Bay was performed from April to November 2016. The in situ observation, including the conventional meteorological elements and turbulent flux, enabled this study to evaluate the sea ice surface energy budget process. Using in situ observations, three different reanalysis datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Interim Re-analysis (ERA-Interim), National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis2 (NCEP R2), and Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA55), and the Los Alamos sea ice model, CICE, output for surface fluxes were evaluated. The observed sensible heat flux (SH) and net longwave radiation showed seasonal variation with increasing temperature. Air temperature rose from the middle of October as the solar elevation angle increased. The ice surface lost more energy by outgoing longwave radiation as temperature increased, while the shortwave radiation showed obvious increases from the middle of October. The oceanic heat flux demonstrated seasonal variation and decreased with time, where the average values were 21 W/m² and 11 W/m², before and after August, respectively. The comparisons with in situ observations show that, SH and LE (latent heat flux) of JRA55 dataset had the smallest bias and mean absolute error (MAE), and those of NCEP R2 data show the largest differences. The ERA-Interim dataset had the highest spatial resolution, but performance was modest with bias and MAE between JRA55 and NCEP R2 compare with in situ observation. The CICE results (SH and LE) were consistent with the observed data but did not demonstrate the amplitude of inner seasonal variation. The comparison revealed better shortwave and longwave radiation stimulation based on the ERA-Interim forcing in CICE than the radiation of ERA-Interim. The average sea ice temperature decreased in June and July and increased after September, which was similar to the temperature measured by buoys, with a bias and MAE of 0.9°C and 1.0°C, respectively.
- energy flux,
- in situ observation,
- evaluation,
- CICE 6,
- reanalysis data

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References(32)

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