[1] Carnes M R. 2009. Description and Evaluation of GDEM-V3.0. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Report NRL/MR/7330-09-9165. Washington, DC: Naval Research Laboratory
[2] Chang Y T, Hsu W L, Tai J H, et al. 2010. Cold deep water in the South China Sea. Journal of Oceanography, 66(2): 183–190. doi: 10.1007/s10872-010-0016-x
[3] Döös K, Kjellsson J, Jönsson B. 2013. TRACMASS—A Lagrangian trajectory model. In: Soomere T, Quak E, eds. Preventive Methods for Coastal Protection. Heidelberg: Springer, 225–249
[4] Garabato A C N, Polzin K L, King B A, et al. 2004. Widespread intense turbulent mixing in the southern ocean. Science, 303(5655): 210–213. doi: 10.1126/science.1090929
[5] Godin G. 1966. Daily mean sea level and short-period seiches. International Hydrographic Review, 43(2): 75–89
[6] Heywood K J, Garabato A C, Stevens D P. 2002. High mixing rates in the abyssal Southern Ocean. Nature, 415(6875): 1011–1014. doi: 10.1038/4151011a
[7] Kunze E, Sanford T B. 1996. Abyssal mixing: Where it is not. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 26(10): 2286–2296. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1996)026<2286:AMWIIN>2.0.CO;2
[8] Lan Jian, Wang Yu, Cui Fengjuan, et al. 2015. Seasonal variation in the South China Sea deep circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(3): 1682–1690. doi: 10.1002/2014JC010413
[9] Lan Jian, Zhang Ningning, Wang Yu. 2013. On the dynamics of the South China Sea deep circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 118(3): 1206–1210. doi: 10.1002/jgrc.20104
[10] Ledwell J R, Montgomery E T, Polzin K L, et al. 2000. Evidence for enhanced mixing over rough topography in the abyssal ocean. Nature, 403(6766): 179–182. doi: 10.1038/35003164
[11] Li Li, Qu Tangdong. 2006. Thermohaline circulation in the deep South China Sea basin inferred from oxygen distributions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111: C05017
[12] Liu C T, Liu R J. 1988. The deep current in the Bashi Channel. Acta Oceanographica Taiwanica, 20: 107–116
[13] Liu Zhifei, Stattegger K. 2014. South China Sea fluvial sediments: An introduction. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 79: 507–508. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.11.003
[14] Mauritzen C, Polzin K L, McCartney M S, et al. 2002. Evidence in hydrography and density fine structure for enhanced vertical mixing over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the western Atlantic. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(C10): 3147. doi: 10.1029/2001JC001114
[15] Qu Tangdong. 2002. Evidence for water exchange between the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean through the Luzon Strait. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 21(2): 175–185
[16] Qu Tangdong, Girton J B, Whitehead J A. 2006. Deepwater overflow through Luzon Strait. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 111: C01002
[17] Shao Lei, Li Xuejie, Geng Jianhua, et al. 2007. Deep water bottom current deposition in the northern South China Sea. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 50(7): 1060–1066. doi: 10.1007/s11430-007-0015-y
[18] Shu Yeqiang, Xue Huijie, Wang Dongxiao, et al. 2014. Meridional overturning circulation in the South China Sea envisioned from the high-resolution global reanalysis data GLBa0.08. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(5): 3012–3028. doi: 10.1002/2013JC009583
[19] Shu Yeqiang, Xue Huijie, Wang Dongxiao, et al. 2016. Persistent and energetic bottom-trapped topographic Rossby waves observed in the southern South China Sea. Scientific Reports, 6: 24338. doi: 10.1038/srep24338
[20] Speer K, Tziperman E, Feliks Y. 1993. Topography and grounding in a simple bottom layer model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(C5): 8547–8558. doi: 10.1029/92JC03018
[21] St Laurent L, Garrett C. 2002. The role of internal tides in mixing the deep ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 32(10): 2882–2899. doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<2882:TROITI>2.0.CO;2
[22] Stommel H, Arons A B. 1959–1960a. On the abyssal circulation of the World Ocean-I. Stationary planetary flow patterns on a sphere. Deep Sea Research, 6: 140–154. doi: 10.1016/0146-6313(59)90065-6
[23] Stommel H, Arons A B. 1959–1960b. On the abyssal circulation of the World Ocean-II. An idealized model of the circulation pattern and amplitude in oceanic basins. Deep Sea Research, 6: 217–233. doi: 10.1016/0146-6313(59)90075-9
[24] Stommel H, Arons A B, Faller A J. 1958. Some examples of stationary planetary flow patterns in bounded basins. Tellus, 10(2): 179–187. doi: 10.3402/tellusa.v10i2.9238
[25] Tian Jiwei, Qu Tangdong. 2012. Advances in research on the deep South China Sea circulation. Chinese Science Bulletin, 57(24): 3115–3120. doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5269-x
[26] Tian Jiwei, Yang Qiangxuan, Liang Xinfeng, et al. 2006. Observation of Luzon Strait transport. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(19): L19607. doi: 10.1029/2006GL026272
[27] Tian Jiwei, Yang Qingxuan, Zhao Wei. 2009. Enhanced Diapycnal Mixing in the South China Sea. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 39(12): 3191. doi: 10.1175/2009JPO3899.1
[28] Wang Aimei, Du Yan, Peng Shiqiu, et al. 2018. Deep water characteristics and circulation in the South China Sea. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 134: 55–63. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr.2018.02.003
[29] Wang Dongxiao, Wang Qiang, Cai Shuqun, et al. 2019. Advances in research of the mid-deep South China Sea circulation. Science China Earth Sciences, 62(12): 1992–2004. doi: 10.1007/s11430-019-9546-3
[30] Wang Dongxiao, Xiao Jingen, Shu Yeqiang, et al. 2016. Progress on deep circulation and meridional overturning circulation in the South China Sea. Science China Earth Sciences, 59(9): 1827–1833. doi: 10.1007/s11430-016-5324-6
[31] Wang Guihua, Xie Shangping, Qu Tangdong, et al. 2011. Deep South China Sea circulation. Geophysical Research Letters, 38(5): L05601
[32] Wang J. 1986. Observation of abyssal flows in the northern South China Sea. Acta Oceanographica Taiwanica, 16: 36–45
[33] Wyrtki K. 1961. Physical oceanography of the Southeast Asian waters. In: NAGA Report Volume 2, Scientific Results of Marine Investigations of the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. San Diego, California: Scripps Institution of Oceanography
[34] Yang Jiayan. 2005. The arctic and subarctic ocean flux of potential vorticity and the arctic ocean circulation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 35(12): 2387–2407. doi: 10.1175/JPO2819.1
[35] Yang Jiayan, Price J F. 2000. Water-mass formation and potential vorticity balance in an abyssal ocean circulation. Journal of Marine Research, 58(5): 789–808. doi: 10.1357/002224000321358918
[36] Yang Qingxuan, Zhao Wei, Liang Xinfeng, et al. 2016. Three-dimensional distribution of turbulent mixing in the South China Sea. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 46(3): 769–788. doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-14-0220.1
[37] Ye Ruijie, Zhou Chun, Zhao Wei, et al. 2019. Variability in the deep overflow through the Heng-Chun Ridge of the Luzon Strait. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 49(3): 811–825. doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-18-0113.1
[38] Zhang Yanwei, Liu Zhifei, Zhao Yulong, et al. 2014. Mesoscale eddies transport deep-sea sediments. Scientific Reports, 4(1): 5937
[39] Zhang Zhiwei, Zhao Wei, Tian Jiwei, et al. 2015. Spatial structure and temporal variability of the zonal flow in the Luzon Strait. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120(2): 759–776. doi: 10.1002/2014JC010308
[40] Zhao Wei, Zhou Chun, Tian Jiwei, et al. 2014. Deep water circulation in the Luzon Strait. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119(2): 790–804. doi: 10.1002/2013JC009587
[41] Zheng Hongbo, Yan Pin. 2012. Deep-water bottom current research in the Northern South China Sea. Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, 30(2): 122–129. doi: 10.1080/1064119X.2011.586015
[42] Zhou Chun, Zhao Wei, Tian Jiwei, et al. 2014. Variability of the deep-water overflow in the Luzon Strait. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 44(11): 2972–2986. doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-14-0113.1
[43] Zhou Chun, Zhao Wei, Tian Jiwei, et al. 2017. Deep western boundary current in the South China Sea. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 9303. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09436-2