Deep waters warming in the Nordic seas from 1972 to 2013

WANG Xiaoyu; ZHAO Jinping; LI Tao; ZHONG Wenli; JIAO Yutian

doi:10.1007/s13131-015-0613-z

1972-2013年北欧海深层水增暖

doi: 10.1007/s13131-015-0613-z

Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

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- 收稿日期: 2014-06-20
- 修回日期: 2014-11-17

Deep waters warming in the Nordic seas from 1972 to 2013

Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

摘要

摘要: 根据北欧海的历史调查资料和中国第五次北极科学考察航次数据对该海域深层水的增暖情况进行了分析。最显著和最早发生的增暖现象均位于格陵兰海盆,并且在2000米到3500米的深度上都显示出一致的增暖趋势。在格陵兰海3000米深度上的调查数据显示海水位温从上世纪70年代中期的-1.30℃已经升温至2013年的-1.30℃,过去40年来增温幅度达到0.37℃(最大空间偏差为0.06℃)。这一显著的变化使得格陵兰海盆深层水自2007年以来温度开始高于罗弗墩海盆同深度上的深层水。挪威海盆自1980s早期开始仅表现出轻微的上升趋势,深层水增暖的幅度仅仅略高于该海盆深层水温度的最大空间偏差。从1982年至2013年原格陵兰海盆的深层水约有86%已经被弗拉姆海峡流出的北极深层水所置换,表明目前格陵兰海盆深层水的更新时间大约为35年。随着格陵兰海深对流的继续减弱,北欧海的深海盆正在逐渐转变为高纬度海域的热量存储池,而这种变化会对北冰洋以及亚极区海洋内部的增暖起到正反馈的作用。
- 北欧海 /
- 格陵兰海盆 /
- 深层水 /
- 温度变化
Abstract: The warming of deep waters in the Nordic seas is identified based on observations during Chinese 5th Arctic Expedition in 2012 and historical hydrographic data. The most obvious and earliest warming occurrs in the Greenland Basin (GB) and shows a coincident accelerated trend between depths 2 000 and 3 500 m. The observations at a depth of 3 000 m in the GB reveal that the potential temperature had increased from -1.30℃ in the early 1970s to -0.93℃ in 2013, with an increase of about 0.37℃ (the maximum spatial deviation is 0.06℃) in the past more than 40 years. This remarkable change results in that deep waters in the center of the Lofton Basin (LB) has been colder than that in the GB since the year 2007. As for the Norwegian Basin (NB), only a slight trend of warming have been shown at a depth around 2 000 m since the early 1980s, and the warming amplitude at deeper waters is just slightly above the maximum spatial deviation, implying no obvious trend of warming near the bottom. The water exchange rate of the Greenland Basin is estimated to be 86% for the period from 1982 to 2013, meaning that the residence time of the Greenland Sea deep water (GSDW) is about 35 years. As the weakening of deep-reaching convection is going on, the abyssal Nordic seas are playing a role of heat reservoir in the subarctic region and this may cause a positive feedback on the deep-sea warming in both the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic seas.
- Nordic seas /
- Greenland Basin /
- deep waters /
- temperature variation

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参考文献(40)

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1972-2013年北欧海深层水增暖

doi: 10.1007/s13131-015-0613-z

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Deep waters warming in the Nordic seas from 1972 to 2013

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