1991 Vol. 10, No. 3
Display Method:
1991, (3): 325-340.
Abstract:
Characteristics and evolution of the Kuroshio frontal eddies and warm filaments are analyzed according to two series of satellite images (March 5 to 7, 1986 and April 14 to 16, 1988). The results show that the frontal eddies in the East China Sea are generated at the shelf break and move along the continental slope at a speed of 15 cm/s with the Kuroshio. The frontal eddies occur about every 10 d and evolve to be warm filaments a few hundred km in length and 30-40 km in width in the area west of the Yaku-shima. Meanwhile, the existence of the warm filament was also found in the area by analysing the hydrographic data in the area west of Kyūshū during May 24-June 5, 1988.
The Kuroshio warm filaments move westward opposite to the Kuroshio and then turn northward at the shelf break and become the main source of the warm water of the Tsushima Warm Current. A simple dynamic explanation for the process is presented in this paper.
Characteristics and evolution of the Kuroshio frontal eddies and warm filaments are analyzed according to two series of satellite images (March 5 to 7, 1986 and April 14 to 16, 1988). The results show that the frontal eddies in the East China Sea are generated at the shelf break and move along the continental slope at a speed of 15 cm/s with the Kuroshio. The frontal eddies occur about every 10 d and evolve to be warm filaments a few hundred km in length and 30-40 km in width in the area west of the Yaku-shima. Meanwhile, the existence of the warm filament was also found in the area by analysing the hydrographic data in the area west of Kyūshū during May 24-June 5, 1988.
The Kuroshio warm filaments move westward opposite to the Kuroshio and then turn northward at the shelf break and become the main source of the warm water of the Tsushima Warm Current. A simple dynamic explanation for the process is presented in this paper.
1991, (3): 341-353.
Abstract:
On the basis of the hydrographic data in the area west of Kyūshū from four cruises of R/V Xiangyanghong No. 9 from 1987 to 1988, the circulation features in the investigation area are described and the source of the Tsushima Warm Current water (TWCW) is explored by using the observed and geostrophic current results and tracking the Kuroshio Subsurface High Salinity Core (KSHSC).
On the basis of the hydrographic data in the area west of Kyūshū from four cruises of R/V Xiangyanghong No. 9 from 1987 to 1988, the circulation features in the investigation area are described and the source of the Tsushima Warm Current water (TWCW) is explored by using the observed and geostrophic current results and tracking the Kuroshio Subsurface High Salinity Core (KSHSC).
1991, (3): 355-371.
Abstract:
On the basis of the analysis of the data obtained from five cruises of the R/V Xiangyanghong 09 and the data from Japan, it is shown that a large meander of the Kuroshio appeared again during 1986-1988. The processes of formation, maturity and decline of this large meander are discussed in this study. The variation of the volume transport at Section Kb (PN) in the East China Sea is related to the large meander of the Kuroshio in the area south of Japan. By using maximum entropy spectrum analysis,the volume transport of the Kuroshio and the swing of its axis are analysed and their major periods are obained.
On the basis of the analysis of the data obtained from five cruises of the R/V Xiangyanghong 09 and the data from Japan, it is shown that a large meander of the Kuroshio appeared again during 1986-1988. The processes of formation, maturity and decline of this large meander are discussed in this study. The variation of the volume transport at Section Kb (PN) in the East China Sea is related to the large meander of the Kuroshio in the area south of Japan. By using maximum entropy spectrum analysis,the volume transport of the Kuroshio and the swing of its axis are analysed and their major periods are obained.
1991, (3): 373-391.
Abstract:
In this study, the inverse method is used to compute the Kuroshio in the East China Sea and southeast of Kyūshū and the currents east of the Ryukyu Islands, on the basis of hydrographic data obtained during September-October, 1987 by R/V Chofu Maru. The results show that:(1)A part of the Taiwan Warm Current has a tendency to converge to the shelf break; (2) the Kuroshio flows across the section C3 (PN) with a reduced current width, and the velocity of the Kuroshio at the section C3 increases and its maximum current speed is about 158 cm/s, and its volume transport here is about 26×106m3/s; (3) the Kuroshio has two current cores at the sections C3 (PN) and B2 (at the Tokara Strait); (4) the currents east of the Ryukyu Islands are found to flow northward over the Ryukyu Trench during September-October, 1987. The velocities of the currents are not strong throughout the depths. At the section C2 east of the Ryukyu Islands, the maximum current speed is at the 699 m levei and its magnitude is 25 cm/s, and its volume transport is about 21×106m3/s; (5) the volume transports of the Kuroshio through the sections B2 (at the Tokara Strait) and C6 (southeast of Kyushu) are 23.33, 67.31×106m3/s, respectively; (6) there are two meso-scale anticyclonic warm eddies between 135°E and the area east of the Ryukyu Islands, and their characters and hydrographic structure are discussed.
In this study, the inverse method is used to compute the Kuroshio in the East China Sea and southeast of Kyūshū and the currents east of the Ryukyu Islands, on the basis of hydrographic data obtained during September-October, 1987 by R/V Chofu Maru. The results show that:(1)A part of the Taiwan Warm Current has a tendency to converge to the shelf break; (2) the Kuroshio flows across the section C3 (PN) with a reduced current width, and the velocity of the Kuroshio at the section C3 increases and its maximum current speed is about 158 cm/s, and its volume transport here is about 26×106m3/s; (3) the Kuroshio has two current cores at the sections C3 (PN) and B2 (at the Tokara Strait); (4) the currents east of the Ryukyu Islands are found to flow northward over the Ryukyu Trench during September-October, 1987. The velocities of the currents are not strong throughout the depths. At the section C2 east of the Ryukyu Islands, the maximum current speed is at the 699 m levei and its magnitude is 25 cm/s, and its volume transport is about 21×106m3/s; (5) the volume transports of the Kuroshio through the sections B2 (at the Tokara Strait) and C6 (southeast of Kyushu) are 23.33, 67.31×106m3/s, respectively; (6) there are two meso-scale anticyclonic warm eddies between 135°E and the area east of the Ryukyu Islands, and their characters and hydrographic structure are discussed.
1991, (3): 393-405.
Abstract:
In this paper, on the basis of the observational hydrographic data obtained from the eighth cruise of PRC-USA bilateral air-sea interaction program, and combined with the sea surface temperature (SST) charts provided by NOAA, the data obtained from moored thermistor chains supplied by L. J. Mangum and sea level data provided by K. Wyrtki, the ocean conditions since October, 1989 in the western tropical Pacific are exposed, which indicate that 1990 is a year with weak El Nino event similar to the 1980 El Nino event, and the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC) has made a good contribution to the propagation of warm water from the Western to the Central and Eastern Pacific, a characteristic similar to that of the 1976 El Nino event. The 1990 weak El Nino event will soon fall into decay.
In this paper, on the basis of the observational hydrographic data obtained from the eighth cruise of PRC-USA bilateral air-sea interaction program, and combined with the sea surface temperature (SST) charts provided by NOAA, the data obtained from moored thermistor chains supplied by L. J. Mangum and sea level data provided by K. Wyrtki, the ocean conditions since October, 1989 in the western tropical Pacific are exposed, which indicate that 1990 is a year with weak El Nino event similar to the 1980 El Nino event, and the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC) has made a good contribution to the propagation of warm water from the Western to the Central and Eastern Pacific, a characteristic similar to that of the 1976 El Nino event. The 1990 weak El Nino event will soon fall into decay.
1991, (3): 407-422.
Abstract:
In this paper the authors cite the aerosol samples collected with a KA-200 Anderson cascade Impactor and a KB-120 sampler during the first cruise of the Kuroshio investigation operated by the People's Republic of China and Japan cooperative program, from July 23 to August 21, 1987. The concentration size distributions and composition of marine aerosols over the Kuroshio area are analyzed. Neutron activation analysis is used to determine the elemental composition of the aerosols. The authors also discuss some characteristics of marine aerosols relating to long-range transport of crustal and anthropogenic elements from the continent to the remote ocean. Analytical results indicate that elements Al, Fe, Sc and Sb over this area are obviously influenced by the continent of Asia, and the size distributions are changed after long-range transport. The concentration of large particles increase. The concentrations of the elements Cl and Na are closely related to ocean conditions; the source of the elements Cl and Na is mainly the ocean. Besides opal combustion, the ocean is also a very important source for the element Se. The amount of Se is to the distribution of marine life.
In this paper the authors cite the aerosol samples collected with a KA-200 Anderson cascade Impactor and a KB-120 sampler during the first cruise of the Kuroshio investigation operated by the People's Republic of China and Japan cooperative program, from July 23 to August 21, 1987. The concentration size distributions and composition of marine aerosols over the Kuroshio area are analyzed. Neutron activation analysis is used to determine the elemental composition of the aerosols. The authors also discuss some characteristics of marine aerosols relating to long-range transport of crustal and anthropogenic elements from the continent to the remote ocean. Analytical results indicate that elements Al, Fe, Sc and Sb over this area are obviously influenced by the continent of Asia, and the size distributions are changed after long-range transport. The concentration of large particles increase. The concentrations of the elements Cl and Na are closely related to ocean conditions; the source of the elements Cl and Na is mainly the ocean. Besides opal combustion, the ocean is also a very important source for the element Se. The amount of Se is to the distribution of marine life.
1991, (3): 423-431.
Abstract:
The ages of coral reef samples from several shallow drill holes in the South China Sea are determined by ESR and U-series (230Th/234U) methods. The experimental results show ideal agreement between ESR and U-series ages and that the coral reefs were formed in the early Holocene. In the determination of natural total dose of coral reef by use of the additive dose method good results can be obtained by exponential fitting, no matter how the effect of dose saturation is. It was found that the ratio of the natural ESR signal intensity (I0) to the ESR signal intensity at dose saturation (Imax) of sample can reflect the significance of a irradiation efficiency-k value. Using the k value of sample determined by the formula given in this paper, the precision of ESR dating of marine carbonates can be improved.
The ages of coral reef samples from several shallow drill holes in the South China Sea are determined by ESR and U-series (230Th/234U) methods. The experimental results show ideal agreement between ESR and U-series ages and that the coral reefs were formed in the early Holocene. In the determination of natural total dose of coral reef by use of the additive dose method good results can be obtained by exponential fitting, no matter how the effect of dose saturation is. It was found that the ratio of the natural ESR signal intensity (I0) to the ESR signal intensity at dose saturation (Imax) of sample can reflect the significance of a irradiation efficiency-k value. Using the k value of sample determined by the formula given in this paper, the precision of ESR dating of marine carbonates can be improved.
1991, (3): 433-440.
Abstract:
On the basis of the study of initial sedimentation of suspended participates discharged from a continuous point source, the mode of dispersion, descension and deposition of the suspended particulates which are released from a line source is derived. By use of puff model, the semi-analytical solution to the problem of initial sedimentation of suspended particulates discharged from a continuous line source in one-dimensional homogenous current fields, of which water depth is constant, is presented, some computations and analyses for long-term distribution of sedimentation are carried out under various sets of parameters. And the comparisons between the sedimentation results of the line and point source are conducted. The results show that the higher the initial height,and the smaller the fall velocity of the particles,the closer the sedimentation distribution results of the line source to that of the point source.
On the basis of the study of initial sedimentation of suspended participates discharged from a continuous point source, the mode of dispersion, descension and deposition of the suspended particulates which are released from a line source is derived. By use of puff model, the semi-analytical solution to the problem of initial sedimentation of suspended particulates discharged from a continuous line source in one-dimensional homogenous current fields, of which water depth is constant, is presented, some computations and analyses for long-term distribution of sedimentation are carried out under various sets of parameters. And the comparisons between the sedimentation results of the line and point source are conducted. The results show that the higher the initial height,and the smaller the fall velocity of the particles,the closer the sedimentation distribution results of the line source to that of the point source.
1991, (3): 441-445.
Abstract:
A new kind of nematocyst, heteromorphore, and three new types of nematocysts, microbasic spino-mastigophore, microbasic undulata-mastigophore, microbasic laevis-mastigophore, are described from medusae of the Xiamen Harbour and discussed by comparison with the results of other research workers.
A new kind of nematocyst, heteromorphore, and three new types of nematocysts, microbasic spino-mastigophore, microbasic undulata-mastigophore, microbasic laevis-mastigophore, are described from medusae of the Xiamen Harbour and discussed by comparison with the results of other research workers.
1991, (3): 447-450.
Abstract:
In a study of meiofauna polychaete from the Huanghai Sea, a previously undescribed species belonging to Hesionura has been found and described. The new species differs from the other species of the genus Hesionura mainly by the chaetation.
In a study of meiofauna polychaete from the Huanghai Sea, a previously undescribed species belonging to Hesionura has been found and described. The new species differs from the other species of the genus Hesionura mainly by the chaetation.
1991, (3): 451-461.
Abstract:
A review concerning the methods of studying and describing wave groups is presented in this paper. After analysing 78 field records collected in the Shijiu Port, China, the measured parameters of wave groups and some factors describing wave groupness and their variations are given. Moreover, these results are compared with those of theory.
A review concerning the methods of studying and describing wave groups is presented in this paper. After analysing 78 field records collected in the Shijiu Port, China, the measured parameters of wave groups and some factors describing wave groupness and their variations are given. Moreover, these results are compared with those of theory.
1991, (3): 463-466.
Abstract:
1991, (3): 467-470.
Abstract:
1991, (3): 471-476.
Abstract:
1991, (3): 477-479.
Abstract:
1991, (3): 480-480.
Abstract:
1991, (3): 481-481.
Abstract:
