Volume 41 Issue 9
Aug.  2022
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Gayan Pathirana, Dongxiao Wang, Gengxin Chen, M. K. Abeyratne, Tilak Priyadarshana. Effect of seasonal barrier layer on mixed-layer heat budget in the Bay of Bengal[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2022, 41(9): 38-49. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1966-0
Citation: Gayan Pathirana, Dongxiao Wang, Gengxin Chen, M. K. Abeyratne, Tilak Priyadarshana. Effect of seasonal barrier layer on mixed-layer heat budget in the Bay of Bengal[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2022, 41(9): 38-49. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1966-0

Effect of seasonal barrier layer on mixed-layer heat budget in the Bay of Bengal

doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1966-0
Funds:  The Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No. XDA 20060502; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41976016, 42076021 and 41521005; the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory under contract No. GML2019ZD0306; the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under contract No. 2021A1515011534; the Grant for Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No. ISEE2021ZD01; the Grant for State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology under contract No. LTOZZ2002.
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  • Corresponding author: Email: chengengxin@scsio.ac.cn
  • Received Date: 2021-08-01
  • Accepted Date: 2021-09-22
  • Available Online: 2022-04-18
  • Publish Date: 2022-08-31
  • Time series measurements (2010–2017) from the Research Moored Array for African–Asian–Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction (RAMA) moorings at 15°N, 90°E and 12°N, 90°E are used to investigate the effect of the seasonal barrier layer (BL) on the mixed-layer heat budget in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). The mixed-layer temperature tendency (∂T/∂t) is primarily controlled by the net surface heat flux that remains in the mixed layer (${Q}^{{'}}$) from March to October, while both ${Q}^{{'}}$ and the vertical heat flux at the base of the mixed layer ($ {Q}_{h} $), estimated as the residual of the mixed-layer heat budget, dominate during winter (November–February). An inverse relation is observed between the BL thickness and the mixed-layer temperature ($ \mathrm{M}\mathrm{L}\mathrm{T} $). Based on the estimations at the moorings, it is suggested that when the BL thickness is ≥25 m, it exerts a considerable influence on ∂T/∂t through the modulation of $ {Q}_{h} $ (warming) in the BoB. The cooling associated with $ {Q}_{h} $ is strongest when the BL thickness is ≤10 m with the $ \mathrm{M}\mathrm{L}\mathrm{T} $ exceeding 29°C, while the contribution from $ {Q}_{h} $ remains nearly zero when the BL thickness varies between 10 m and 25 m. Temperature inversion is evident in the BoB during winter when the BL thickness remains ≥25 m with an average MLT<28.5°C. Furthermore, $ {Q}_{h} $ follows the seasonal cycle of the BL at these RAMA mooring locations, with r>0.72 at the 95% significance level.
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